Binder（Ring binder）
Ring binders are folders in which punched pieces of paper may be held by means of clamps running through the holes in the paper. These retainers are usually spring-loaded, frequently circular (some rings are D-shaped, others are actually rods), and may have additional latching systems.
Binders come in many standard sizes with respect to both capacity and paper size. Most countries use a two or four hole system for holding A4 sheets. The most common type in Canada and the United States is a three ring system for letter size pages ( 11 × 81/2 in). A standard 11 x 81/2 in. sheet of paper has 3 holes with spacing of 4 1/4". The lever arch system is particularly useful for larger amounts of paper. Many personal organizers and memorandum books use a six or seven hole system, including Filofax, the FranklinCovey Franklin Planner and Day-Timer.
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Presentation
Presentation is the process of presenting the content of a topic to an audience. A presentation program, such as OpenOffice.org Impress, Apple Keynote or Microsoft PowerPoint, is often used to generate the presentation content.
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